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@node Top, , , (dir)
@chapter SM's Release Notes

This is the fifth-and-a-half distribution of SM@footnote{Why is it
called SM? There is a package called Mongo with a
similar command syntax that is in common use in Astronomy departments
around the US. Mongo was used as a model for SM, and that's where
the `M' came from.}, 
but it might still have a few problems.
As usual, the authors are actively using 
SM and it is pretty reliable. (If you don't agree send mail! You
may be able to do this with the @code{gripe} command).

These Release Notes should include all the changes to SM since version 1.2,
but do not detail all of the bug fixes.

@menu
* Release 1.2::			Changes Prior to Version 1.2
* Release 2.0::			Changes from Version 1.2 to Version 2.0
* Change 2.1::			Inconsistent Changes from V2.0 to V2.1
* Release 2.1::			Release 2.1
* Release 2.2::			Release 2.2.0
* Release 2.3::			Release 2.3.0/2.3.1
* Release 2.4:: 		Release 2.4
* Change 2.4::			Inconsistent Changes from V2.3 to V2.4
@end menu

@node Release 1.2, Release 2.0, , Top
@unnumbered Changes Prior to Version 1.2

@table @bullet
@item
Changes to @code{BOX} to write labels correctly. Two separate problems
fixed (@code{LIMITS -5 5 0 0.2 TICKSIZE -1 0 0 0 BOX} should now work).
@item
A fix to stop x-axes having jiggles on some devices.
@item
Miscellaneous changes to the imagen driver.
@item
Changes to stdgraph support a new postscript entry.
@item
A new postscript graphcap entry, which should produce smaller files.
@item
Support for coloured lines, in drivers and graphcap.
@item
A Sunwindows driver, @code{dev sunwindows}, used with gfxtool.
@item
An additional variable syntax, @code{DEFINE name |}, to allow
access to SM internal variables like @code{expand}.
@item
Restrictions on the length of macros that can be edited have
been removed. In addition, the editor now starts on the first line of
macros (not the header line). The history buffer is still 80 lines long.
@item
A new edit character @ctrl{Q} to quote the next character.
@item
An interface to fortran, and documentation of the C calls that
SM uses, to allow programmes to link to the SM libraries.
@item
An option to specify the number of lines on  your terminal in the
@code{TERMTYPE} command.
@item
A change to the default @code{LOCATION}, the better to fit x-axis
labels.
@item
A shell escape (pass a command to the operating system), and a
change directory command (@key{!} and @code{CHDIR}).
@item
A table of contents and index to the manual.
@end table

@node Release 2.0, Change 2.1, Release 1.2, Top
@unnumbered Changes from Version 1.2 to Version 2.0

@table @bullet
@item
Fixed unix version of SM to accept redirected input.
Who knows for VMS?
@item
Command line is read differently. The old
behaviour (read one argument, treat it as a macro file, read
macro file, strip path/suffix and attempt to execute) is
preserved as the -m option. Otherwise, simply execute
command line after the startup macro
@item
Added logfile option to command line (-l logfile),
mostly for debugging
@item
Allowed @code{FOREACH var @{ list1 @} @{ list2 @}}, to allow keywords to
appear in @code{list1}
@item
Fixed Interrupt handler to return control to user if requested
@item
Made spaces (and tabs) within quotes non-special, so they can
appear as parts of single words
@item
New utility get_grammar written in C to extract grammar from
yacc files
@item
Added support for @code{~} in @code{CHDIR}
@item
Made default verbosity 1 not 0
@item
Made @code{PRINT} page if printing to terminal
@item
The header lines written by @code{PRINT} now start with a #, so
they can be read without using the @code{LINES} command
@item
Added commands @code{SAVE} and @code{RESTORE}
to save and restore a complete session
@item
Replaced @code{SHOW} by a macro
@item
Fixed @code{READ OLD} to change @code{ERRORBAR} and @code{WINDOW}
to new formats
@item
Allowed the use of \ to continue long lines
@item
Columns of data may now be separated by commas as well as white space
@item
Removed all restrictions on the number of columns in a data file
@item
@code{HELP} gives the values of variables and vectors, as well as macros
@item
In the unlikely event of SM detecting an internal error (e.g. a
segmentation violation) a @code{SAVE} file called @file{panic.dmp} is now
written to your current temporary directory
@item
Strings in double quotes are now treated as words (e.g. @code{``2.80 ``}, note space following @code{0})
@item
@code{TERMCAP} variable is treated as the actual termcap
@item
Added explicit copyright statements to the code, to clarify
its status as not being public domain, but the property of its authors
@item
Added @code{WHATIS} builtin function, to determine type of a string
@item
Added @code{OVERLOAD} to allow overloading of keywords,
also added 
@code{set_overload} macro to set some of them up. ``compatible'' also
makes use of this facility to redefine commands such as @code{points}
@item
Made @code{do i=1,10 @{ if($?$i) @{ ... @} @}} as expected
@item
Allowed @TeX{}-style labels (if @code{$TeX_strings} is defined)
@item
Allowed points (of specified angle and ptype) and lines (of
specified ltype) to appear in strings, if you are using @TeX{} labels
@item
Allowed you to declare an error handling macro (called
@code{error_handler}) that is called after @ctrl{C} interrupts
@item
@code{RESTORE} can be used to read history files
@item
You can now specify lists of file/graph/termcap files to be
searched in order, allowing private modifications
string if it can't be opened as a file

@noindent Changes to do with history and the editor:
@item
Made @code{TERMTYPE} with a negative number of lines turn off
cursor motion
@item
Changed default bindings to make ESC-q quote_next (in addition
to @ctrl{Q}), and @ctrl{@}} an emergency @ctrl{M}
@item
Changed editor to use termcap
@item
Changed editor to follow columns past a blank line 
@item
Made history ignore consecutive identical commands
@item
You can now repeat a search to look for a command further back
in the history list (use ^TAB)
@item
Changed paging of history list to allow you to search (use ?
while paging to find out how)
@item
Changed terminal read routine, so @ctrl{S}/@ctrl{Q} and typeahead
should now work at least under Unix.
(@`A la unix: characters appear as you type. Refresh the screen
(@ctrl{L}) if it gets scribbled on)
@item
The history system was deleting commands when the difference
between the top and bottom numbers in use exceeded 80, rather
than when there were more than 80 commands on the buffer. 
Fixed this, and took the opportunity to take the
size of the history buffer from the @file{.sm} variable `history'
(default : 80)
@item
Added command @code{HISTORY -} to list history in backwards order
@item
allowed you to move deleted words from line to line
(@ctrl{[}h/@ctrl{[}u etc.) 
@item
made a @code{TERMCAP} environment (logical) variable override a
termcap in @file{.sm} 
@item
Renumbered lines with every @code{HISTORY} command. Insert
should now work
@item
ESC-y will successively restore recently deleted lines, up to a
current limit of 5.

@noindent Changes to do with macros:
@item
Macros beginning ## are not listed if @code{VERBOSE} is 0. 
@item
Added command @code{RETURN} to return from a macro, or to the prompt
if encountered outside a macro.	(Useful when fiddling with
command scripts)
@item
We now document that lines beginning # in macro files are comments,
and are output for verbose > 0. Lines beginning # in data files
now also comments, printed for verbose > 1, lines starting
! are always printed.
Note also that lines ending \ are logically continued to next line in
data files, as well as to the command language.
@item
Macros may be declared to have variable numbers of arguments
@item
When editing macros, @key{RET} in the middle of a line
splits the line at that point. The behaviour of the history editor is
unchanged. We now delete blank lines as we go, so typing many
@key{RET}'s will just get the 1 line, and it'll go away if you
@ctrl{P} or @ctrl{N} without typing something
@item
If a macro has a -ve number of args in @code{MACRO EDIT}, it is deleted
@item
If @code{VERBOSE} is 3 only trace macros as they are executed,
@code{VERBOSE} 4 is the full trace
@item
Added command @code{KEY} to define keyboard macros. The keys PF1
- PF4 may be specified in a terminal independent way.
@item
Allowed you to redefine macro arguments inside macros, including
ones that weren't declared. This allows you to use numbered
variables as temporaries.
@item
Allowed @code{MACRO name @{ DELETE @}} to delete macros with an
uppercase ``DELETE''
@item
Empty macros are deleted upon leaving the macro editor

@noindent Changes to do with variables:
@item
Added more macros to utils, for instance @code{arrow}, @code{wilcoxon}, and @code{smirnov}
@item
Changed @code{DEFINE var ?} to allow prompt string
The value of the variable now consists of the complete line typed,
rather than just one word. You are now offered as a default value the
old value, if it is defined
@item
Added @code{uxp} and @code{uyp} for user plot position to @code{DEFINE var |} rule. 
@item
Made variable names being defined appear on error traces
@item
Added variable $date with value of the current date and time
@item
Allowed you to redefine macro arguments inside macros, including
ones that weren't declared. This allows you to use numbered
variables as temporaries.

@noindent Changes to do with vectors:
@item
allowed < @dots{} > as well as @{ @dots{} @} for @code{PRINT} and
@code{SORT}
@item
Added @code{SET DIMEN(WORD) = expr} to declare @code{WORD}, and
initialise it to zero. Also a macro @code{declare} to do this for you
@item
@code{@{ list @}} is now an expression
@item
Allowed @code{READ < list >} as well as @code{READ @{ list @}}
@item
Changed verbosity in vector arithmetic to report first error
in a call for @code{VERBOSE} > 0, but only report further errors
for @code{VERBOSE} > 1
@item
Added new operator @code{INT(expr)} to take integral part of an
expression, can be used for rounding.
@item
Changed precedence of @code{CONCAT} to just below @file{+} and @file{-}
@item
allowed < list > as an expression
@item
Allowed v1 and v2 to both be scalars in ?: statement
@end table

@center Changes to how plotting is done are as follows:
@table @bullet
@item
Stopped SM changing between graph and alpha modes so often,
flashing the screen
@item
Changed behaviour of @code{CTYPE} commands, and treatment of
colour in graphcap. It is now possible to specify a private set of colours
for use in drawing lines
@item
Added support for plotting to terminals other than the one that your are
logged onto
@item
Changes to prevent plotting at above device resolution
@item
Added command @code{PTYPE @{ list @}} to plot
a user defined symbol at points
@item
Wherever the name of a vector is expected you can now use an
expression in parentheses
@item
Added support for aspect ratios in drawing characters
@item
Allowed @code{DRAW ( num num )} by analogy to @code{RELOCATE ( num, num )}
@item
Fixed @code{ERRORBAR} to accept scalars for size of errors
@item
Redefined @code{IDENTIFICATION} as a macro
@item
Added @code{ILABEL} 3 to @code{BOX}, to omit both ticks and
labels, useful in conjunction with @code{AXIS}
@item
Added test in @code{BOX} for arguments to logarithmic axes out of range
@item
If @code{ANGLE} is non-zero, it is used for @code{XLABEL} and
@code{YLABEL} (e.g. @code{ANGLE 360 YLABEL N})
@item
Added axis(), curs(), gflush(), plotsym(), and shade() to interface.c
@item
Changed ticksize in interface.c to take real arguments, not integer
@item
@code{WINDOW} now ignores initial value of location and attempts to fill
(almost) entire screen with little windows
@item
@code{WINDOW} can be used to draw boxes that touch
@item
Changed playback to allow you to optionally specify the line or
range of lines to be played back, and similar changes to hcopy.
@item
If the two limits given for an axis in the @code{LIMITS} command
are the same, the limits for that axis are not changed.
@item
When using the @code{RANGE} command, @code{LIMITS} now attempts to
centre the axes on the median of the data.
@item
Can now shade inside a region, or shade a histogram (see SHADE).
@item
Changed fonts somewhat. Old characters in old order available
as old_fonts.bin (in @file{.sm} file), added Old English font (\o),
changing font sizes inside strings (\digit), and a number of new characters.
@item
Modified filecap to understand FITS data files for contouring.
@item
In a label, (e.g. PUTLABEL), @@\ is printed as a real \.
@item
Added @code{ASPECT} command, to allow you to override SM's
choice of aspect ratio (e.g. to position labels for a plot that will
finally appear on a laser printer)
@item
Fixed @code{WINDOW} to allow boxes to touch. The macros @code{wind} and @code{bo} take touching into account when labelling axes. 
@item
made histograms draw `flanges' at ends (as had been done historically)

@noindent Changes to stdgraph:
@item
Changed stdgraph to accept @code{%T} for 12-bit encoded Tektronix
(Also changed graphcap to reflect this: @code{xr, yr, XY, TB, SC})
@item
Removed RT capability from graphcap, and changed stdgraph to
use @code{ch} and @code{cw} (the height and width of the hardware characters)
@item
Added DT to graphcap to deal with funny requirements of devices
@item
added support for raster devices (e.g. printronix). These
actually use a combination of graphcap and a stand-alone rasteriser
@item
Added support for area fill in graphcap for @code{PTYPE n 3}

@noindent Changes to drivers
@item
The postscript drivers are now available landscape, postscript,
or square (and work over a network for Unix users)
@item
The sunwindows driver now supports a cursor
@item
@ctrl{C} interrupts now work even if you are using sunwindows
@item
Mouse buttons work with the X10 cursor
@item
There is a new SunView driver (device sunview) that creates its
own graphics window.

@noindent Bug fixes: (only the ones most visible to users are noted)
@item
Fixed bug with @code{PTYPE n 3} for angle != 0
@item
Fixed bug in @code{CONTOUR}, to do with 2 lines in one plot cell;
previously always assumed lines SW-NE
@item
Fixed bug in @code{CONTOUR}, that could lose
last row/column of contour plot
@item
Fixed occasional bad axis labels
@item
Fixed rounding error in drawing ticks
@item
Fixed contouring fortran files
@item
Fixed precedences of logical and and or
@item
Fixed bug in @code{CONTOUR} to do with point at (or beyond) right
hand size of image
@item
Miscellaneous postscript problems fixed
@end table

@node Change 2.1, Release 2.1, Release 2.0, Top
@unnumbered Real, Inconsistent, Changes from V2.0 to V2.1

@table @bullet
@item
The programme's name has been changed to SM,
that the default directory name is now @file{sm}, and that the @file{.smongo} file is now called @file{.sm}.

@item
Typing `make install' now installs the macro and help libraries. The
destinations of some files is now different -- see the main Makefile
for details.

@item
The compiled graphcap entry format has been changed (fixed);
you must rerun @file{compile_g}.

@item
The command SET @code{name = macro(vector)} has been changed.
Previously only one argument was
permitted, but it could be an expression, and the result was returned
by assigning to @code{$1} in a rather confusing way. Now many arguments
are permitted (but they can't be expressions), and the result is
returned as @code{$0}. See SET in the manual for more details.

@item
the SET DIMEN(@code{vec}) = expr statement has been altered, so
the right-hand expression must be a number (with an optional suffix to
denote a string-valued vector).

@item
The way you specify limits for logarithmic axes to AXIS is now
consistent with the way you specify them to BOX.

@item
The 8th bit of graphcap entries is no longer stripped. To
include an ascii null (@code{\000}) in an entry specify @code{\377},
a @code{\377} may be written @code{\377\377}.

@item
You must now include the library utils.a in addition to plotsub.a
and devices.a when linking to SM as a graphics library.
@end table

@node Release 2.1, Release 2.2, Change 2.1, Top
@unnumbered Changes from Version 2.0 to Version 2.1

Note that the programme's name has been changed to SM,
that the default directory name is now @file{sm}, and that the
@file{.smongo} file is now called @file{.sm}.

Changes to do with making SM:
@table @bullet
@item
Compilation options are now in a file src/options.h rather than
in the Makefiles.
@item
The compiled graphcap entry format has been changed;
you must rerun @file{compile_g}.
@end table

Changes to do with history and the editor:
@table @bullet
@item
Syntax errors now report the macro in which they occur. Beware that this
may be incorrect, if the macro has already been fully scanned.
@item
If VERBOSE is 1 or more, report the line that arithmetical errors
occur on (e.g. mismatched dimensions, lg(0)).
@item
You can now choose your history character (default: ^). This
may be useful for @TeX{} strings, I use `.
@item
You can go to the start or end of a macro/the history list
with ESC-< and ESC->. Use ESC-g to go to a line number.
@item
You can no longer type a space after the history character to
insert it into a line -- use quote_next instead (e.g. @code{ESCq^}).
@item
Lines starting with a # in READ EDIT files are comments
@item
In @file{.sm} files comments run from a # to the end of the line.
@item
The various DELETE HISTORY commands now have siblings that omit
the HISTORY and do @emph{not} themselves appear on the history list.
@item
The way that DO, FOREACH, IF, and MACRO command lists are
treated has been fixed. If VERBOSE is 5 or more such lists will be
printed as they are scanned.
@end table

Changes to do with macros:
@table @bullet
@item
The command APROPOS lists all macros whose names or initial
comments match a given pattern.
@end table

Changes to do with variables:
@table @bullet
@item
Variables given in <> or @{@} are no longer tokenised, so spaces will
no longer appear in funny places.
@end table

Changes to do with vectors:
@table @bullet
@item
You can now specify a printf-style format string to PRINT
@item
@emph{The command SET @code{name = macro(vector)} has been changed.}
Previously only one argument was
permitted, but it could be an expression, and the result was returned
by assigning to @code{$1} in a rather confusing way. Now many arguments
are permitted (but they can't be expressions), and the result is
returned as @code{$0}. See SET in the manual for more details.
@item
It's possible to FFT vectors (actually pairs of vectors for the real
and complex parts).
@item
String valued vectors have been added to SM. They may
be read from files (either by the row or by the column), printed,
assigned to, tested for (in-)equality, and used to set the PTYPE. In
the latter case the strings are used to label the points.
@item
the SET DIMEN(@code{vec}) = expr statement has been altered, so
the right-hand expression must be a number (with an optional suffix to
denote a string-valued vector).
@item
You can now define variables from IMAGE files (currently only
supported for FITS), using DEFINE variable IMAGE
@item
The expression @code{vector[expr]} has been generalised to
allow @code{expr} to be a vector, so the result is now a vector
of the same dimension as @code{expr}.
@item
You can convert an expression into a string using @code{STRING(expr)}.
@item
It is now possible to specify that IMAGE files have no header,
in which case you'll be prompted for the values of  nx and ny (file_type
no_header).
@end table

Changes to how plotting is done are as follows:
@table @bullet
@item
The values of @code{TICKSIZE} now make a difference for logarithmic axes.
@item
The way you specify limits for logarithmic axes to AXIS is now
consistent with the way you specify them to BOX. @emph{This Is A Change!}
@item
GRID now takes an optional second argument, specifying only an
x or y grid 
@item
LTYPE ERASE allows you to erase some lines in a plot without erasing
everything. This is only supported by some devices
@item
ANGLE and EXPAND can now be given as vectors, to specify
different angles and expansions for each point plotted
@item
DOT will now work with user-defined ptypes
@item
You can specify a PTYPE of a vector of strings.
@item
The order of the default CTYPEs has been changed; you can now restore
the default using the macro @code{reset_ctype}.
@end table

Changes to labels:
@table @bullet
@item
@TeX{} strings now makes @code{A_a^b} put both sub- and super-
scripts on the same symbol (use @code{A_a@{@}^b} if that isn't what
you want)
@item
A new bold (over-struck) @code{\bf} font is available.
@item
If you define the variable @code{default_font} it will be used
as your default font for labels (including for axes). You can define
it in your @file{.sm} file if you so desire.
@item
The position of the symbol for the constellation Taurus has
been moved; this will not affect TeX_strings users. An Old English
full stop is now a full stop.
@item
`@TeX{} definitions' are now specified in a file (and put into
fonts.bin). This will not affect users, but does allow a SM
administrator to add new definitions.
@item
You can use @code{\def} to define your own @TeX{} definitions.
@item
You can specify more than 9 sides in @TeX{} `point' or `apoint'
@item
The `@TeX{}' commands @code{\raise} and @code{\kern} are now
available to move parts of strings about.
@item
@TeX{}-labels can now be put into variables without difficulty.
@end table

Changes to stdgraph:
@table @bullet
@item
A new encoder command @code{`str`} prompts you, then reads
a character from the keyboard.
@item
You can specify graphcap entries (or parts of graphcap
entries) on the command line.
@item
The 8th bit of graphcap entries is no longer stripped. To
include an ascii null (@code{\000}) in an entry specify @code{\377}, a @code{\377} may be written @code{\377\377}.
@end table

Changes to drivers
@table @bullet
@item
You can now specify options like @code{-Ws} to the sunview driver,
use @code{-WH} for a list.
@item
There is a new driver for a Unix-PC.
@item
There is a new X11 driver (try DEVICE x11 -help for a list of options).
@item
If you write your own drivers, the declarations of some functions
have been changed to return void.
@end table

Changes to Callable SM
@table @bullet
@item
You must now include the library utils.a in addition to plotsub.a
and devices.a when linking to SM as a graphics library.
@item
The library names have been changed by pre-pending a `lib', so
you can now say either `libdevices.a' or `-ldevices'. This allows the
-L option to ld to work (under Unix).
@item
If you compiled SM with an ANSI compiler, you should include the
file @code{"sm_declare.h"} at the top of any C code that calls SM functions.
@end table

Bug fixes: (only the ones most visible to users are noted)
@table @bullet
@item
You can now define arbitrarily big vectors with the cursor.
@item
LOCATION now works with non-touching WINDOWs.
@end table

@node Release 2.2, Release 2.3, Release 2.1, Top
@unnumbered Changes from Version 2.1 to Version 2.2

Changes to do with making SM:
@table @bullet
@item
Typing `make install' now installs the macro and help libraries. The
destinations of some files is now different -- see the main Makefile
for details.
@item
There is now a search path for @file{.sm} files; you may want to prepare
a system-wide one (see @code{SMPATH} in the manual).
@end table

Changes to do invoking SM
@table @bullet
@item
SM now searches a path looking for .sm files; you can override
this by setting the @code{SMPATH} environment (VMS: logical) variable.
@item
The command line option @code{-u name} makes SM treat `~' as @code{name}'s
home directory when looking for @file{.sm} files.
@item
There is a new command line option @code{-h} to print a help message.
@item
SM now supports a search path for help files.
@end table

Changes to do with .sm files:
@table @bullet
@item
Entries in .sm files with `@@' in the first column mean that
the entry isn't present, and that SM shouldn't search the rest of the path.
@item
Entries in .sm files with `+' in the first column direct SM to keep
looking for more entries, whose values are concatenated with this one.
@end table

Changes to do with history and the editor:
@table @bullet
@item
There is now a macro @code{input_new} analogous to the Mongo ``input''
command, but reading a file of SM commands. Not recommended.
@item
There are two new commands @ctrl{R} and @ctrl{S} (or @code{ESC-s}) to do
searches in macros or history. The use of @code{^-TAB}
is no longer supported.
@item
There is a new command @code{ESC-@ctrl{D}} to delete the current
line; this includes deleting it from the history list.
@item
If you set the variable @code{remember_history_line} the history
editor will remember where you are in the history list, so a @ctrl{P} will
get the command before the last one that you retrieved.
@item
Negative history numbers are now taken relative to the current command,
so -1 is the previous command.
@item
APROPOS will (on most systems) search the help files as well as
the macro headers.
@item
When reading from a file (or a pipe) SM will behave as if you gave
the @code{-S} option.
@item
Key bindings may now contain ASCII NUL's.
@item
Shell escapes (with !) now look for a variable @code{$SHELL} to decide
which shell to use; the Bourne shell is still the default. They also now
reset terminal modes before the shell command, and set them after.
@item
There is a new variable @code{exit_status} which is the return code
from a shell escape.
@item
You can now use @ctrl{V} and @code{ESC-v} to move around the history list
as well as within macros.
@end table

Changes to do with files:
@table @bullet
@item
If you define the variable @code{noclobber} (maybe in your @file{.sm} file)
MACRO WRITE and PRINT won't overwrite existing files.
@end table

Changes to do with macros:
@table @bullet
@item
If a macro is declared to have 100 or more arguments the last
argument will extend to the end of the line.
@item
Tabs in macro definitions are now expanded to spaces when read; you
can set the tab width with the @file{.sm} variable @code{tabsize}.
@item
Macros used as functions can now be used in expressions.
@item
In a file of macros, lines starting @code{##} are only printed if
VERBOSE is two or more.
@end table

Changes to do with variables:
@table @bullet
@item
If a ``DEFINE @code{var} :'' fails, if @code{var} is capitalised
SM will now look for it from the environment.
@item
The way that `internal' variables (those defined as
DEFINE name |) work is changed. If you @emph{don't} define them they
will always have the correct value --- see the section on DEFINE for
further explanation.
@item
You can get at the size of an image with DEFINE NX IMAGE and
DEFINE NY IMAGE (note that NX and NY are capitalised).
@item
There are two new `internal' variables @code{$nx} and @code{$ny}
which give the current size of the screen in hardware-specific units such
as pixels or dots, and @code{$cheight} and @code{$cwidth} which
give the current (average) size of a character in plot units.
@item
There is a new special form of variable expansion @code{$(expr)} which
expands to the result of @code{expr} (taken to be a scalar).
@end table

Changes to do with vectors:
@table @bullet
@item
You can now specify names for user ctypes, e.g. CTYPE=@{ puce khaki
vermillion @}.
@item
You can make the PRINT command append to the output file, rather
than simply overwriting it.
@item
In response to overwhelming public pressure, an element of a vector
may once more be specified wherever a number is allowed (e.g. in a
RELOCATE command).
@item
You can now write a number as @code{1.234d56} if you must.
@item
There is a new operator ATAN2 that takes two arguments and returns
an answer in the correct quadrant.
@item
STRING will now (by default) produce nicely formatted strings,
similar to those used to label axes.
@item
You can now declare an image (with @code{IMAGE (nx, ny)}), and fill it
with @code{SET IMAGE(x,y) = z}.
@item
There are some more string operators, similar to those in
the new Unix @code{awk}, INDEX, SPRINTF, STRLEN, and SUBSTR.
@item
You can determine how long a string is (in device coordinates) with LENGTH.
@item
You can specify your own format statement for SM to read lines of
data with: @code{READ 'format' @{ vectors @}}.
@end table

Changes to how plotting is done are as follows:
@table @bullet
@item
The hcopy and hmacro macros will now work even if the printer name
is omitted (using the value of PRINTER from @file{.sm} or the
environment instead). 
@item
`Dotted' lines (ltype 1) are now really dotted, not short lines.
@item
You can now start a new page for hardcopy devices with the new
command PAGE.
@item
The new command ABORT closes the current device without making a hardcopy.
@end table

Changes to labels:
@table @bullet
@item
SM's ``@TeX{}'' macros can now take arguments
@item
There is a new pseudo-macro @code{\move} to move a group around,
but leave the current position unchanged.
@item
There are new pseudo-macros @code{depth}, @code{height}, and
@code{\width} to find the dimensions of a group.
@item
The height and depth information is used to place axis labels more
intelligently. This will only work if you draw the axes before the
axis labels, which seems not unreasonable.
@item
LABEL will now draw a string with its @code{baseline} at the starting
point. If you want the old behaviour use @code{PUTLABEL 6}.
@end table

Changes to stdgraph:
@table @bullet
@item
:RA: has been retired in favour of the much more general :DV=device:.
@item
The new :TC: entry is like :tc: but doesn't start scanning
graphcap again. This can be used to modify standard entries.
@item
Comments are now permitted within graphcap entries.
@item
SY entries can now use @code{$"..."} to prompt the user
for a string; the @code{$"..."} will be replaced by the reply.
@item
SY entries now support graphcap variables, so that you can say things like
@example
BIN = /usr/local/bin
device|some device:\
           @dots{}
        :SY=$@{BIN@}/rasterise -r $0 $F $1:
@end example

@end table

Changes to drivers:
@table @bullet
@item
The imagen driver now supports portrait, landscape, and square plots.
@item
There is a new driver (@code{sgi}) for Silicon Graphics's
Irises, which should also work on IBM's RS/6000.
@end table

Changes to Callable SM:
@table @bullet
@item
The device call now returns 0 for success, -1 for failure.
@item
You can now compile SM to prefix external names with ``sm_''
(or any other string of your choice).
@item
There is a new call @code{redraw} that should be used on window systems
that need some help redrawing their windows (e.g. SGI's GL, or X11
on machines like RS/6000 that don't support backing stores).
@end table

Changes to 2-D SM:
@table @bullet
@item
If you specify @code{nx} or @code{ny} to be negative they will be
taken to be the negation of the actual size of the image, rather than
an offset in the file.
@item
If you specify @code{nx} or @code{ny} as @emph{string} values (e.g.
@code{:nx=10:ny=100:} they are taken to be the actual size of the
image (just like the previous item).
@item
You can get at the size of an image with DEFINE NX IMAGE and
DEFINE NY IMAGE (note that NX and NY are capitalised).
@item
You can now declare an image (with @code{IMAGE (nx, ny)}), and fill it
with @code{SET IMAGE(x,y) = z}.
@item
You can define any (2-letter) name in @code{filecap} and retrieve the
value at the specified offset with DEFINE nn IMAGE.
@item
In FITS files, CRPIX, CRVAL, and CDELT are now interpreted correctly.
@end table

Bug fixes: (only the ones most visible to users are noted)
@table @bullet
@item
The problems with calling SM routines have been fixed.
@end table

@node Release 2.3, Release 2.4, Release 2.2, Top
@unnumbered Changes from Version 2.2.0 to Version 2.3.0

@table @bullet
@item
When reading from a file (or a pipe) SM won't trap @ctrl{c}
@item
Commands are now put on the history list even if you run with @code{-s}
or @code{-S}.
@item
The history editor is now active when you have entered a partial
command (e.g. @code{macro hello @{}). There is a different prompt, which
you can change by defining @code{$prompt2}.
@item
The primary and secondary prompts can be set by specifying
@code{prompt} or @code{prompt2} in your @file{.sm} file.
@item
In a graphcap SY string, if a positional parameter is called (e.g.)
@code{$[3]} instead of @code{$3} there's no complaint if it is missing.
@item
You can now say @code{!expr} just like in C
@item
Two new `number' operators in @TeX{} strings, @code{\multiply}
and @code{\divide}. Both multiply (or divide) by the argument/1000.
@item
You no longer need the parentheses in @code{vec[(1+2)]}. This might
be thought of as a bug fix.
@item
A side effect of the previous item is that whereas @code{define v vec[0]}
used to be accidently legal, you must now say @code{define v (vec[0])}.
@item
LWEIGHT is now a floating point number
@item
The graphcap encoder now has limited support for floating point
numbers; specifically you can use `%e', `$f', or `%g' to format the
bottom of the stack, and `|' to convert the bottom of the stack to int.
@item
New `|' variables @code{swidth}, @code{sheight}, and @code{sdepth}
give the (pixel) size of the last string drawn.
@item
@code{PUTLABEL 0 str} doesn't draw anything, but does set the string
dimensions (and any @TeX{} definitions are remembered).
@item
Commands that draw strings now leave the plot pointer on the baseline
at the right of the last character drawn.
@item
You can give AXIS vectors of values where you want the small and big
ticks, thereby finally relieving us of the need to make TICKSIZE infinitely
complicated. You can even provide a string-valued vector to specify
the labels that you want written.
@item
There are two new SM variables @code{x_gutter} and @code{y_gutter}
that are used to modify the spacing between boxes left by the WINDOW command.
@item
You can now specify a font size along with a type in @code{default_font},
e.g. @code{\ti\bf\it\2}.
@item
WRITE can now append to a file by saying WRITE @code{+ filename}.
@item
SUM is now implemented using a double precision intermediate value.
@item
There is a new operator RANDOM to generate uniformly distributed
random numbers. The seed can be set with SET RANDOM.
@item
Any combination of string- and arithmetic-vectors is now allowed in SORT.
@item
If you define @code{$save_read_ptr}, the current READ pointer is
saved, allowing faster sequential access to a file.
@item
You can specify a range of columns to be used for reading
numerical vectors.
@item
Macro files may contain left-justified comments within macros
which are not included in the macro, but processed at read time.
@item
The hidden surface code (VIEWPOINT and SURFACE) now works. The C
is based on a set of SM macros written by Gabor Toth.
@item
There are a set of SM macros for use with the new surface commands;
say @code{load surfaces} if you want to use them.
@item
If the environment file specified by -f filename on the command
line starts with a /, no search path is used. Note that this means
that you can't inherit entries from other `.sm' files.
@item
Argument parsing for DEVICE commands
now understands quotes, e.g. @code{DEVICE x11 -title \"Hello World\"}.
@item
You can now call the SM parser from your own code. There is also
a function to declare your arrays to SM as vectors. Examples have been
added to the @file{callable} directory.
@item
If VERBOSE is one or more, you'll be warned if the axis labels
are expected to overlap the ticks (and a solution is suggested).
@item
If a macro isn't found, the macro @code{macro_error_handler}
is called with 2 arguments; the first is @code{NOT_FOUND} and the
second the name of the macro. If the variable @code{missing_macro_continue}
is defined (maybe in your @file{.sm} file) the behaviour is unaltered.
@item
There is a new command USER ABORT that forces SM to think
that a syntax error has occurred.
@item
If you retrieve that last history command with @code{^$} or @code{^^}
you will always get the @emph{last} command, even if it doesn't appear on
the history list; using the arrow keys or @code{^P} still gets you the
previous remembered command.
@item
There are macros to support greyscale plots (glevels and greylevel)
@item
The vms_var filecap entry has been changed, and so has
the documentation on how
to write out image files under VMS Fortran.  For variable recordtype files, you
must specify @code{recordtype='variable'}, and not give a record length.  This
seems to work for VMS 5.x, but Robert has only been reluctantly persuaded that
my "bug fix" in this case is any more than sleight of hand, so you are free to
complain vociferously (to monger@@mcmaster.ca) if this causes problems.
@item
SM now supports metafiles via the pseudo-device META and the command
META READ file.
@end table

@node Release 2.4, Change 2.4, Release 2.3, Top
@unnumbered Changes from Version 2.3.0 to Version 2.4

@table @bullet
@item
(This one is actually a change for 2.3.0). You can no longer
choose your own prefix for SM graphics calls.@footnote{Did you know
that sun's fortran i/o package had a function called
cursor in it? You see why we had to do this, I imagine. There are lots of
functions in standard packages that have names that we use.}
@item
You can specify a pattern to restrict the output of the LIST DEVICE command.
@item
You can say IMAGE CURSOR WORD WORD WORD to get intensities into a vector.
@item
An argument of 4 to BOX stops that axis from being drawn.
@item
VERSION is now implemented as a macro, printing @code{$version}.
@item
The algorithm for choosing axis labels now checks that there is enough room
for the labels that is has chosen and acts accordingly.
@item
Searches are now by default case @i{in}-sensitive. You can still use
@code{$case-fold-search} to change this behaviour.
@item
You can specify @code{:tc=...:} or  @code{:TC=...:} as part of a DEVICE
command.
@item
You can set the maximum size of string-valued vector elements in
@file{options.h}.
@item
Removed restrictions on number of vectors in READ and PRINT commands.
@item
Added atof to convert string-valued vectors to arithmetic.
@item
LIST DEFINE | will list internal variables (such as $fx1).
@item
You can use READ ! to continue reading past lines that don't match what
SM expects (either the wrong number or types of columns, or a mismatch
with the format)
@item
There is a new format %n that returns the number of fields correctly matched
in the line being READ.
@item
You can now specify the minimum and maximum number of arguments that
a macro expects (but see the change notes (@pxref{Change 2.4}) for a
slight inconsistency). Note that you cannot declare macros that expect
zero --- n arguments with a @code{macro name nargs @{@dots{}@}} command.

@item
Most of the behaviour that is influenced by values in your @file{.sm} file
will now look at a variable of the same name rather than the @file{.sm} file
directly (they are defined from @file{.sm} when SM is started).

@item
There is now support for a wider range of fonts; the changes were introduced
to support Japanese. Details in the fonts appendix
(@pxref{Fonts,,,sm,The SM Manual}).

@item
Shading with a solid colour on hardware that supports area fills is now
done using the hardware support; this currently means X11 and postscript.

@item
The @code{-f} command line option can now be used to name the @file{.sm}
file instead of specifying a full path.

@item
Startup files can be called @file{.sm} or @file{sm.rc}; the latter is
looked for first on non-unix machines.

@item
You can now specify the slant and condensation of fonts with @code{\slant}
and @code{\condense}.

@item
Support for reading tables, in particular FITS binary tables.

@item
The WINDOW command can handle ranges of windows (e.g. WINDOW 1 4 1 2:3)
(n.b. for a while this was written as WINDOW 1 4 1 2.3).

@item
You can now create vectors and variables with local (actually nested) scope
with the commands DEFINE var LOCAL and SET vec LOCAL.

@item
PRINT now supports the integer formats 'd', 'o', and 'x'.

@item
Added colour to the raster devices

@item
Added new devices to generate pbm, ppm, and gif files.

@item
Added a compile-time option to use @code{double}s rather than @code{float}s
for vectors.

@item
Understand hex integers (of the form 0x...).

@item
The X11 driver now puts up the current cursor position when in cursor mode;
this can be disabled with the -nocurswindow flag to the DEVICE x11 command.

@item
SM now supports the syntax FOREACH @code{var name} @{ @dots{} @} to iterate
over each element of a vector @code{name}.

@item
You can access the help string associated with a vector @code{name} as
the string-valued expression HELP(name); useful in labels as $(HELP(name)).

@item
(This isn't really new, but it's little known). The devices tpic and gpic
can be used to generate figures that @TeX{} can pass to dvips and xdvi.

@item
You can now use %o and %x formats in READ 'format' @dots{} commands.

@item
You can now declare a macro @code{abort_handler} to trap USER ABORTs.

@item
Added command DITHER to do Floyd-Steinberg dithering of images.

@item
Added expressions DO(s_expr, s_expr) and  DO(s_expr, s_expr, s_expr) to
allow implicit DO loops within expressions.

@item
You can now extract values from images by index as well as by coordinate;
furthermore you can specify entire rows or columns (e.g. set r=image[*,0] to
read the entire first row of an image).

@item
You can refer to an entire image as image[*,*]
(e.g. set image[*,*] = 2*image[*,*]).

@item
Commands like "list device" now work even if device is overloaded.

@item
Added "list table" to list columns in (fits binary) tables

@item
When reading tables, you can now say "read table @{ name[0-4] @}" to read an
array from the table into (in this case) 5 vectors.

@item
Added "while @{ expr @} @{ commands @}".

@item
Added break to escape from WHILE loops.

@item
Added modulus operator, %.

@item
Added bitwise operators, | and &.

@item
You can define the variable @code{print_noheader} to stop the PRINT command
printing the vectors' names.

@item
Expressions are now allowed among the arguments of macros used as functions

@item
The default is now to save the read pointer (see READ).

@item
Added incomplete Gamma functions (useful for, e.g., chi^2 probabilities)

@item
SM is now able to open an arbitrary number of X11 devices simultaneously
(e.g. @code{dev x11 -dev 1}).

@item
You can request a private colour map for X11 devices; allocating (e.g.) 256
colours should work with this option.

@item
The connect function for callable SM is now @code{sm_connect} (@code{sm_conn}
is still supported for backwards compatibility).

@item
Added @code{sm_ctype_i} and @code{sm_set_ctypes} to manipulate colour maps
from callable SM.

@end table

@node Change 2.4, , Release 2.4, Top
@unnumbered Inconsistent Changes from Version 2.3.0 to Version 2.4

@table @bullet
@item
The changes to macros with variable numbers of arguments means that you'll
have to declare macros with zero to one arguments as having 01 arguments; the
old form (11) means between one and one arguments.

@item
Italic fonts are now @emph{not} toggled off again by a second @code{\it} in
@TeX{} mode; rather you must use explicit grouping with @{@}.

@item
In callable SM, @code{sm_window} now expects 6 arguments, not 4.

@item
The macro @code{is_set} now does what it says; it doesn't do an implicit
WHATIS. You probably want to use @code{is_macro} or @code{is_vector} rather
than @code{is_set}.

@item
The command "set image(expr,expr) = expr" is now deprecated; please say
"set image[expr,expr] = expr".

@item
The command to use ranges of windows is of the form "WINDOW 1 4 1 2:3", but
for a while it was "WINDOW 1 4 1 2.3" (it was changed as
"WINDOW 1 12 1 8.10" is indistinguishable from "WINDOW 1 12 1 8.1").

@item
For devices with strange aspect ratios, points are now expanded to preserve
shape rather than compressed (this is now consistent with the behaviour
of characters). Axis ticks are also suitable scaled.

@end table

@bye